Ovulation disorders is often caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (insuline resistency, see below), premature menopause, high level of prolactine, other dysfunctions of FSH and LH.
Most of the hormonally dependent disorders can be corrected by a proper hormonal treatment such as mild stimulation etc. This stimulation is often followed up by intrauterine insemination or IVF.
Blocked tubes is either caused by an inborn error in the development of the genitals, or damages coursed by either surgery (appendicitis) or Chlamydia infection. Also after extra uterine gestations the tubes are often removed. Thus blocked tubes or absent tubes hinder the fertilisation and the passage of the oocyte down into the uterine cavity.
The only way to become pregnant with blocked tubes is to bypass this blockage. This is done by in vitro fertilization (IVF) where the oocytes is taken out from the ovaries and the fertilisation done outside the women’s body. After fertilisation the embryos are placed back into the uterus.
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PCO i.e.polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most frequent cause for ovulation disorders.It affects 15% of the fertile female population. These women often also suffer from hair problems (hirtsutisme), acne, increased body mass index and depression beside their fertility problem.
The name Polycystic ovarian syndrome is very misleading as the cause for this condition can be found in the muscular cells.The body muscles have a low sensitivity to insulin, and cause a variety of hormonal disturbance including infertility, acne and hair problems.
The treatment is often a combination of a specific diet, physical activities, metformin and possible also ovarian stimulation incombination with intrauterine insemination or IVF
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Endometriosis affects more than 10% of the fertile female population and possible more than 25% of the infertile female population. Beside infertility endometriosis can be painful and causes irregular bleeding even in the urine.
Endometriosis comprises endometrial tissue from the nmenstruation, being shed through the Fallopian Tubes out into the abdominal cavity Here it implants and growth in the same manner as the endometrium in the uterus. That means that it also menstruate at the same time as in the uterus.This bleeding in the abdominal cavity can be very painful. Further this condition can in it self block the tubes or secrete toxic substances disturbing the egg development and hence causes infertility.
Symptoms of endometriosis are typically:
Even endometriosis without pain or symptoms for the women can cause infertility.
Due to the different distribution of the endometriosis and the severity several different treatment strategies can be taken. Very often endometriosis is removed by laparoscopy or hormonally treatment before ovarian stimulation for inseminationor IVF
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